Engineering Research Steorn Page



Steorn has put some data in an Excel spread sheet which they claim comes from their data gathering system. This page shows some analysis of their sparse data.

Steorn sent me to London to see their demonstration. Here is my Final Report.

Here is a description of a proposed experiment. Please let me know what you think either by e-mail or on the Steorn forum.
The experiment has begun!

The first block of data is zipped text of a zeroth order run - no magnets, just bare system with accelerometer only. You can download it here as 8 ascii text files. The format is xxxx yyyy zzzz aaaa bbbb where xxxx, yyyy and zzzz are the accelerometer channels and aaaa, bbbb are magnetometers (but are noise for first two blocks).
Here is a direct view of the data thanks to blue_energy.

Here is a direct view of more data thanks to blue_energy.

Here is a direct view of even more data thanks to blue_energy!

This is the parsed data from blue_energy. We're both going to try to create plots from this - we'll see who get's there first. Unfortunatly, we both have real work to do!

Second block of data is magnet only where I have added a small neo to the bottom of the arm. It is clamped and glued with caulk, but the caulk isn't quite dry yet.

Third block of data is magnet plus magnetometer which has the last two channels connected to a couple of hall probes. One has 1.3 mV/Gauss and the other has 5 mV/Gauss. You can see the pulses when the neo swings past the probes, and the 5mV/G device looks like it is saturated.

And now for the real thing.. The 1.3mV/Gauss device is placed close to the base magnet. I tried it on top, and it worked, but it starts out saturated. So off to the side it shows how the field drops when the upper magnet goes by. The 5mV/Gauss detector is farther away, and shows when the magnet on the arm goes by. There is a point near the end of each cycle when the upper arm sits over this sensore and sends it into saturation.

Ramuk plotted the data and found a problem. I hope the next batch come out better. This is the same physical set up, but the accelerometer is glued down to the arm for less vibration. The y axis should be clean, and possibly the z axis as well.

Korkscrew found another problem. So here is a re-run of the opposing magnets and here is a re-run of sensors only (no base magnet) with the sensors not moved at all.

Comments on the forum led me to take off the base magnet and replace it with a ferrite coil. The wires have been removed (it was a toroid coil for power in some ancient electronics I long sinced ripped apart) and the ferrite core is placed with the center about where the upper magnet passes over. There should be two bumps when it goes by, we'll see when the data gets plotted!

CWatters suggested adding a weight to the arm. This looks like it helps from the raw numbers alone, but it should be plotted and compared with previous runs. This has the same magnets and sensor positions, but has a nice iron core transformer taped to the arm near the accelerometer. I'm not sure how this affects the magetics (shouldn't be much), but that is not the point of this run. This is to prove mechanical vibration is present in previous runs. The run lasts longer simply because there is more potential energy at the start than in previous runs.

blue_energy has sent me a huge block of data which I have not had time to deal with. It's about 5MB, so unpack with care!

Here are some of sonoboy's pictures. These are from his experiments on Sv and forces betweens coils and permenent magnets.

Sonoboy has sent me some more info to post so here it is:

Hi Dr Mike,
Here are a few shots looking at the current flow in the differential
test rig. The diff.jpg shows the 30 amp referance coil pulse (which is the
same as the current pulse in the measurement coil) and midscreen shows the
output of the differential amplifier. There is a small glitch there with no
magnetic material present. The cermag.jpg shows the current response of the
test rig when a small ceramic magnet is very near the measurement coil. The
cerdemag.jpg shows the current response when a demagnetized ceramic magnet
of the same type is in the same position that the magnetized one was in.
This same current effect is also true with the neos only the waveform is
more complex due to the conductivity of them. As can be plainly seen, a
demagnetized magnet has a much larger effect. BTW there is no noticable
differance when reversing the polarity of the magnetized magnet. What this
has to do with COE is anyones guess...

In their data published around end of October, they have 2 pages in an Excel spread sheet. I have taken that data and expanded each column into 12 digit accuracy, then exported it to a tab deliminated text file. You can see the converted data here for the first page and here for the second page.
I have analyzed the data in several ways. The code I used can be seen here: for the first page and here for the second page. Both of these routines put out stripped down sections of data which remove the linear interpolation that Steorn put in. This should get us back to the original or raw data. That raw resultant data is here:
raw_cw0.dat
raw_cw1.dat
raw_cw2.dat
raw_ccw0.dat
raw_ccw1.dat
raw_ccw2.dat
where the 0, 1, and 2 refer to each column block and cw, ccw refer to clockwise or counter clockwise within each block.
Similarly, the second page load data is stripped down here:
raw_load_cw0.dat
raw_load_cw1.dat
raw_load_cw2.dat
raw_load_ccw0.dat
raw_load_ccw1.dat
raw_load_ccw2.dat
As a next step I looked at the distribution of angular step sizes and torque step sizes in each of those files. I then fed that into gnuplot and created the following outputs. I think the 2 degree step sizes which show up in all the plots come from perfectly linear torque steps. There are a couple of perfectly linear torque steps of 3 degrees (note the plots that have a mark at 500). The bin sizes were arbitrarily chosen to be .005, which is 5 steps per actual angular step, but 5/2 of the torque sensor accuracy. That is why the plots are smooth on the green curve (torque) and histogram like on the red curve (angle). The code which created these plots is here: to generate statistics. I then plotted the bin data using gnuplot and got these results:

for file raw_cw0.dat
average angular step = 1.011197
angular step deviation = 0.130518
average torque step = -0.000006
torque step deviation = 0.045450


each plot contains the global data and a zoom into the center.
for file raw_cw1.dat
average angular step = 1.000000
angular step deviation = 0.079167
average torque step = -0.000448
torque step deviation = 0.045918

note that the last column is no friction and that the steps are less than 1 degree (250 marks exactly one degree in these plots).
Almost but not quite! Further analysis shows that the weight of the 2 and 3 degree steps is enough to throw the average off.
Original calculation:

for file raw_cw2.dat
average angular step = 1.058997
angular step deviation = 0.270945
average torque step = 0.000050
torque step deviation = 0.015977

subsequent calculation:

for file raw_cw2.dat
in group 0:
average angular step = 0.999843
angular step deviation = 0.017705
average torque step = 0.000201
torque step deviation = 0.014786


in group 1:
average angular step = 2.007353
angular step deviation = 0.026795
average torque step = -0.007529
torque step deviation = 0.027117


in group 2:
average angular step = 2.962500
angular step deviation = 0.012500
average torque step = 0.040500
torque step deviation = 0.004500


So the shift in the picture is caused by the large number of points which are too linear, the actual centroid of the data is a 1 degree step to 4 decimal places.


And the counter clockwise plots look like this:
for file raw_ccw0.dat
average angular step = 1.002654
angular step deviation = 0.094728
average torque step = 0.000229
torque step deviation = 0.038951

for file raw_ccw1.dat
average angular step = 1.005462
angular step deviation = 0.105958
average torque step = 0.000176
torque step deviation = 0.035408

Again, notice the step size shift under free running conditons:
for file raw_ccw2.dat
average angular step = 1.055882
angular step deviation = 0.278062
average torque step = 0.000068
torque step deviation = 0.015750

subsequent calculation:

for file raw_ccw2.dat
in group 0:
average angular step = 0.999689
angular step deviation = 0.016946
average torque step = 0.000112
torque step deviation = 0.014912


in group 1:
average angular step = 2.005357
angular step deviation = 0.021503
average torque step = 0.004000
torque step deviation = 0.027370


in group 2:
average angular step = 3.008333
angular step deviation = 0.011785
average torque step = -0.023000
torque step deviation = 0.012083


and the second page data all looks similar, i.e. under load:
for file raw_load_cw0.dat
average angular step = 0.999861
angular step deviation = 0.076936
average torque step = -0.000097
torque step deviation = 0.048608

each plot contains the global data and a zoom into the center.
for file raw_load_cw1.dat
average angular step = 1.005462
angular step deviation = 0.107988
average torque step = -0.000246
torque step deviation = 0.036028

note that the last column is no friction and that the steps are less than 1 degree (250 marks exactly one degree in these plots).
for file raw_load_cw2.dat
average angular step = 1.068452
angular step deviation = 0.263867
average torque step = 0.000042
torque step deviation = 0.016314

subsequent calculation:

for file raw_load_cw2.dat
in group 0:
average angular step = 1.000241
angular step deviation = 0.018644
average torque step = 0.000164
torque step deviation = 0.015218


in group 1:
average angular step = 1.996875
angular step deviation = 0.020807
average torque step = -0.001542
torque step deviation = 0.026873



And the counter clockwise plots look like this:
for file raw_load_ccw0.dat
average angular step = 1.008216
angular step deviation = 0.120804
average torque step = -0.000034
torque step deviation = 0.046292


for file raw_load_ccw1.dat
average angular step = 1.011056
angular step deviation = 0.131242
average torque step = 0.000186
torque step deviation = 0.030479

Again, notice the step size shift under free running conditons:
for file raw_load_ccw2.dat
average angular step = 1.055882
angular step deviation = 0.276995
average torque step = 0.000068
torque step deviation = 0.015941

subsequent calculation:

for file raw_load_ccw2.dat
in group 0:
average angular step = 0.999922
angular step deviation = 0.016187
average torque step = 0.000351
torque step deviation = 0.014906


in group 1:
average angular step = 2.001786
angular step deviation = 0.030567
average torque step = -0.007286
torque step deviation = 0.027283


in group 2:
average angular step = 3.000000
angular step deviation = 0.020412
average torque step = 0.004000
torque step deviation = 0.034670


Here is something totally different: An analysis of superparamagnetic fluid particles. Click here for pdf.
As requested, here are pictures of the Steorn flyer handed out at the "demo".