Before starting this lesson, you should re-read sections 16.1, 16.2, and 16.3 of the reference manual.
-taw all natural locations (river, bay, lake, swamp, puddle, cave, cliff, island, mountain, desert, forest, beach, continent, peninsula, planet, pole (e.g. 'North Pole'), sky, outer space, glacier) -tu other scalar relationships, default = P/F-s open adjective (about/involved with, similar to, taste like, compatible with, ready to/for, being by nature/inherently, resemble/look like)
taw - land, terra firma, ground
twintaw - location, place, spot
bitaw - continent, landmass
pantaw - island, isle
botawntaw - shore(line), coast(line), waterfront, strand
fentaw - peninsula, cape, promontory, headland
tayntaw - mountain, mount, alp
tantaw - sky
cintaw - cave, cavern, grotto
tawnco - pristine, untouched, wild, virgin, unsullied, natural,
undeveloped, native, in its natural state
tawnkay - developed, modified from its natural state to a state
suitable for man's needs
tawnxe - realtor, land broker, real estate agent/broker
tawncu - natural, occurring in nature, not artificial
tawnfaw - artificial, man-made, synthetic, unnatural, not
occurring in nature
tawnfe - nature preserve, reserve, reservation, park, sanctuary
tawnca - camp (out), go camping
tawnkya - hectare, a unit of land area measure equal to 10,000
square meters (= 2.471 acres)
tu - associated with, involved with, of, about, for, having
something to do with' [See discussion below]
tuma - have something to do with, be involved with, be about,
be associated with, have an unspecified
association or relationship to/with
jutuma - have nothing to do with, be uninvolved with, be
unassociated with, have no relationship to/with
bontu - ready (for/to), prepared, fit
funtuma - taste like, have the flavor of
tayntuma - look like, resemble
tentuma - sound like, have a sound like or similar to
tunfyo - share, use or benefit from something with others
tunke - among(st), in the midst of, amid, in the thick of,
(together) with
tunkyu - help, aid, assist, succor, abet, support, give or lend
a hand
tunte - advise, recommend, counsel, suggest
tuntwi - assistant, aid/aide, attendant, right-hand man,
auxiliary, helper
panka - probably, likely, there's a moderate probability that
po - can, may, have the option to/of, be allowed to
bipo - must, have to
1. The P/F-s open adjective "tu" implies a vague, unspecified relationship between its patient and focus. Here are some examples that illustrate its meaning:
Ki tuma pu luponkaynpi.
The book has something to do with black markets.
Zupya tayncasi fa pu to tu fenpa pe.
I just read a book about the old train station.
Ki ponko konxe tentayse tenxo tunfoy tu xo.
The teacher wants to hear your account of the
performance.
2. When "tu" is followed by a generic noun, it is equivalent to a vague noun-noun compound in English:
Kade zayko tunfa toynpu tu lutinpa?
Did you like the gas station painting?
Cinkema litwinkwi zupa tu lutunti.
The tools were in the bicycle shed.
3. Some precise noun-noun compounds can be formed by simply using the adjective form of the modifying noun:
Ki zayko fa likontwi cunxemo tunfoy.
I like your engineer acquaintances.
Note that the example clearly indicates that the acquaintances are
engineers.
The library is probably closed.
Panka ki jefawma punpa.
This road crosses the island.
Ki fonkema fe xi pantaw.
The lamps had to be broken.
Bipo bonfawdanso litaynpyo.
[Note that the above sentence is ambiguous in English but not
in Latenkwa. A correct paraphrase is 'It was obligatory for
someone or something to break the lamps'.]
The ninth cookie will taste like the foul-tasting
eighth one.
Twe funtuma zufu byuzayku finzaykumi funkay.
There were no buses there at the skyscraper bus station.
Cuma conti juku to japyu ke continpa tu lutanpa.
The tool that didn't work sounded like a frightened
parrot.
Tentuma twinkwi xa juka boncuma twinhi tenta cenkomo to.
Imagine five low airplanes in a cold unfriendly sky.
Taynkomoy tanti tanfyu vuku to kemu tantaw zaykay
cenfyu to.
This wet floor has nothing to do with the washing
machine in the hallway.
Ki jutuma jutanfo boco xi bopyo cinke jeci.
The weak adults were helped by the children yesterday.
Tunkyuso ligexe bonkay toso livoxe tunkyo-kyamay.
You could have thanked the members for fixing the high
auditorium ceiling.
Po fyonte tunfa litwintwi boncudanse tanfo tanpe tu
luconci.
The two co-workers of your friend don't want to camp
far from the mountains.
Juka ki ponko pantwimaw tunku zaytwi tunfoy tawncase
gexwa litayntaw.
My foolish assistants kept themselves between the
firetruck and the fire.
Jekesi lituntwi konkay foy centi pye ce.
Dogs and bears are natural but thermometers and attics
and glasses are artificial.
Ki tawncuma luzaypwe pye luconpwe gapye tawnfawma
lucenkwi pye lutanci pye lutaynkwi.
The shore near the caves looked like something that I
saw on television.
Tayntuma botawntaw voxwamu licintaw tomi xa tay fa tohi
kyuswa lutantaynpyo.
Did the unemployed strangers have something to do with
the broken radios?
Kade tuma lijutwi jucantwimo litantenpyo bonfaw?
The peninsula is pristine now and several bankers want
to change it into a nature preserve.
Tawncoma fentaw kyo pye ponko pinpunpanxe panku to
tawnfedanse fenhi.
A lot of small black owls lived here before this island
was developed.
Panca taynta jutoy kay geku to pyu pyame tawnkaydanso
pantaw xi.
The sharp knife was among the spoons behind the living
room counter.
Tunkema kwi kwinco lifunkwi taynxwamu pintea tu
luteanci.
My subordinates will keep track of all restaurant
locations on the continent.
Twe kosi livotwi foy twintaw funpamo biku kemu bitaw.
The students probably worked for that business that
made scissors.
Panka cantwima liponkonxe pi jaxi xa cudan pihi
lutunkwi.
Did my acquaintance advise you to become of an agent of
the museum?
Kade tunte kontwi foy tunfa fontwiduse taynpa?
The boss explained to me that his employees aren't
ready to build an expensive bridge across the canal.
Konte getwi fa juka ki bontuma licantwi geho cunkyuse
fonfe pinpe to fonke bofe.
I sympathize with the teachers because the pilots
didn't share the tables and the chairs with them.
Ki fonko fa likonxe toman juka tunfyo litanxe licantea
pye litea tomin konhi.
Why are you cutting the food with the dull pizza knife?
Ki kwinkyu tunfa fu kyuswa kwi kwinkay tu lubizafu
tomande?
The enemy knows nothing about the inedible bread that
your colleagues had to eat.
Ki ko juzaytwi jutomi tu bonfu funfaw xa bipo funcasi
litwi tunfoy bonhi.
I told the realtor that I'll buy two hectares and that
the land will have to be inexpensive.
Te fa tawnxe twe jupinfyo fa tawnkya tunku to pye bipo
pinfyuma taw.