JUNE 21

ROCKWELL KENT
Radical illustrator, socially committed visual artist.

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AIMLESS WANDERING DAY.

Aestival, midsummer day, subject of a memorable poem, "Of the Day Estivall (1599), by the courtier-poet Alexander Hume.

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-2183 -- [BCE] -- First Druid summer Solstice festival held at Stonehenge. Rolling Stones' first festival, righto?
[Source: Calendar Riots]


1582 -- Murder of Oda Nobunaga.


1633 -- Galileo Galilei is forced by the Inquisition to "abjure, curse, & detest" his Copernican heliocentric views. Sentenced to walk around with his head up his ass, like the church.

1732 -- Martha Washington lives. Minded the hemp crops when George was away.



1783 -- Duck'n Cover?: Congress, threatened by a mob of disgruntled soldiers, fled from Philadelphia & reconvened in Princeton, New Jersey.

Clothespin Claes Oldenburg, Philadelphia

1788 -- US: Constitution goes into effect. Gives liberal & conservative politicians something to violate.


1813 -- William Edmonstoune Aytoun (1813-1865), poet & humorist, lives, Edinburgh, Scotland.



1827 -- Fernández de Lizardi, "the Mexican thinker," dies. His El periquillo sarniento (The Itching Parrot, 1816) is the first picaresque novel of Latin America, a colorful depiction of Mexican society & reflects the ideas of the French Enlightenment & of Jean-Jacques Rousseau on education.



1852 -- Italy: Maria Luisa Minguzzi, militant anarchist & companion of Francesco Pezzi, lives (1852-1911).

See Amore e anarchia: Francesco Pezzi e Luisa Minguzzi... (184p., 2004) by Claudia Bassi.

http://ytak.club.fr/juin3.html#21



1861 -- Elizabeth Barrett Browning, 55, dies at home in the Casa Guidi, Florence.


1864 -- Belgium: Emile Louvigny lives, Sugny. Settled in Ardennes, France, initially joining the socialist circle "L'étincelle de Charleville" before joining the anarchist group "Sans-patrie." Louvigny was expelled in March 1894 & returned to Belgium where he remained active. In Brussels in 1906, he helped found the anarchist newspaper "Jean Misère".



1877 -- US: Dance, Molly, Dance: Today is "Pennsylvania's Day With the Rope," 10 coal miners, alleged to be leaders of the "Molly Maguire" a notoriously violent gang blamed for social conflict in the coal regions, are hanged by the "state" for the crime of attempting to organize laborers.

"Historians feel the Molly Maguire trials were a surrender of state sovereignty.

A private corporation initiated the investigation through a private detective agency.

A private police force arrested the alleged defenders, & private attorneys for the coal companies prosecuted them.

The state provided only the courtroom & the gallows."

— Carbon County Judge John P. Lavelle, "Hard Coal Dockets" published in 1994,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molly_Maguires

1882 -- US: Socialist, anarchist sympathizer, book illustrator Rockwell Kent lives, Tarrytown, New York.

http://www.weisman.umn.edu/exhibits/eye/kent.html
http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/kent_rockwell.html

1883 -- France: Ouverture du procès de Louise Michel.
[Source: Michel Chronologie]



1899 -- Canada: Assiniboine sign Treaty #8, ceding 324,000 square miles (about the size of California, Oregon & Washington combined) to the government.


1903 -- England: In London, anarchists organize a massive demonstration among the Jewish labor movement to protest the Russian pogrom in Kishineff.

Held on a Sunday, it was the largest demonstration by Jewish workers London had ever seen.

Thousands marched from Miles End to Hyde Park. Thousands of others went straight to the park. London's daily papers estimated 25,000 had turned out, despite the opposition of two Yiddish dailies, & calls by East End Rabbis for workers to boycott the demonstration.

Besides East End speakers, there were Herbert Burrows, John Turner (Turner was eventually arrested (in October) & booted out of the country. [Details]), Ted Leggatt, Harry Kelly, N. Tchikovsky, Warlaam TcherkesoffW. Tcherkesov & Peter Kropotkin.

Source, see Rudolf Rocker, The London Years

1905 -- France: Jean-Paul Sartre lives (1905-1980). French novelist, playwright, existentialist philosopher & literary critic. Awarded the 1964 Nobel Prize for literature — which he declined it in protest of the "values" of bourgeois society. His longtime companion was Simone de Beauvoir, & in the 1940s he was closely linked to fellow existentialist Albert Camus.

http://www.connect.net/ron/sartre.html
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1964/sartre-bio.html
http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/sartre.htm

1912 -- Mary McCarthy lives (1912-1989), Seattle, Washington. American writer/theater critic, noted for satirical commentaries on marriage, intellectuals, & the role of women. From 1937 to 1956 she was a theatre critic for the Partisan Review,, wrote the novel The Group.
http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/marymcc.htm


1913 -- Tiny Broadwick becomes first woman to parachute from an airplane.


1914 -- Ralf Parland lives. Writer & journalist in Swedish language in Finland. His brothers Henry Parland & Oscar Parland gained fame also as writers.
http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/rparland.htm


1914 -- Brazil: Second session (of five) of the anarchist conference in São Paulo.
[Details / context]

1914 -- Anarchist, artist & bus conductor Arthur Moyse, lives.

Arthur Moyse seems to have attended every street protest in London from the 1930s onwards. He was also involved in the London scene of the 1960s, especially the literary part around Soho's Better Books shop. It was along the way that Arthur became a self-taught artist, a cartoonist & an art critic. [Details / context]

1917 -- US: Hawaiian Red Cross founded in one of America's colonies. The beaches will no longer be soaked in the blood of surfers.



1917 -- US: Emma Goldman freed on $25,000 bail for her anti-war agitation; the press spreads charges that the anarchist's bail was provided by the German Kaiser. Alexander Berkman is released on bail June 25.




1918 -- Poland: Edward Abramowski (1868-1918) dies. Libertarian socialist & cooperativist, psychologist & ethician, author of Socialism & State; The Republic of Friends; General Collusion Against the Government, founder of the biggest contrywide consumer cooperative "Spolem" (Together), founder of Polish Socialist Party. He developed a concept of a "stateless Socialism" & his thought tended increasingly towards an anarcho-syndicalism.
[Details / context]




1920 -- US: Police shoot 14 Wobblies (IWW; Industrial Workers of the World) during labor clash in Butte, Montana.
http://infoshop.org/texts/iww.html
http://www.iww.org/


1921 -- Finland: Sovereignty dispute settled with demilitarization, Aland Islands.


1921 -- Judy Holliday lives, New York City. Holliday made her acting career by playing endearing, scatter-brained blondes in films such as Adam's Rib & Born Yesterday.

In reality a shrewd, intelligent woman who bamboozled her Cold War inquisitors. In the early 1950s, Holliday is called before the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee for associating with suspected communists.

[Details / context]

1921 -- US: In the Sacco & Vanzetti trial, a ballistics expert testifies shells found at the scene & taken from the bodies of the decedents were "consistent with" having been fired by Sacco’s pistol.
[Details / context]


1921 -- Italy: Nel suo primo discorso alla Camera il neo-deputato Benito Mussolini tenta un avvicinamento sia al Partito Popolare Italiano (i cattolici) sia al Partito Socialista. I giri di valzer dei politici sono la loro costante prerogativa.
[Source: Crimini e Misfatti]


1922 -- Austria: 2on. Congress de la CISC (Confederació Internacional de Sindicats Catòlics), at Innsbruch (-23rd).
[Congressos Obrers]



1935 -- Françoise Sagan lives. French novelist/dramatist who made her breakthrough as writer with the international bestseller Bonjour, Tristesse. Her novels feature aimless people involved in complicated relationships. Her style is light & ironic, depicted from a distance.


1937 -- Spain: Andrés Nin, leader of the POUM, is murdered by Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader Uncle Joe's Russian agents. The POUM, like the anarchists, are committed to revolution, which the Republican government & the Communists oppose, as they seek to consolidate their own power at the expense of everyone else in the face of the fascist armies. Anyone left of the North Pole is susceptible to Stalinist largess...
[Sources]



1937 -- US: Ohio Steel Strike of 1937.

If you happened to have a Pennsylvania license, you were particularly suspected because, as every cop & official in Youngstown will tell you, Pennsylvania has gone Bolshevik...
[Details / context]

1940 -- US: Marine General Smedley Butler lives. Best remembered for his book War is a Racket.

Butler was one of the most conscience-driven & controversial men ever to wear the uniform of the US Marines. Although he rose to the rank of Major General & was a two-time winner of the Medal of Honor, Butler is remembered today as a vocal critic of colonialism & American foreign policy.

By the time of his retirement in 1931, in bitter reflection on a 33-year military career, he realized that far from "making the world safe for democracy" he had spent his entire adult life fighting dirty little wars all over Asia & Latin America whose true purpose was to enrich a handful of wealthy industrialists.

— Bleedster Camy

http://www.ratical.org/ratville/CAH/warisaracket.html
http://www.afn.org/~vetpeace/

1942 -- Spain: Agustín Remiro Manero (1904-1942) killed during an attempted prison escape. Remiro, a Spanish anarchist, joined the Durruti Column in July 1936, commanding a battalion of machine-guns.

Interned like thousands of other Spanish refugees in the camps in southern France, Agustin Remiro returned to Spain to continue fighting against the fascists. Captured & condemned to death.

http://ytak.club.fr/juin3.html#21

1943 -- US: SCHNEIDERMAN V. UNITED STATES, argued November 9, 1942. Reargued March 12, 1943. Decided June 21, 1943. REVERSED. Government attempt to strip William Schneiderman, a communist, of his citizenship is overturned by the US Supreme Court.

THIS PROCEEDING WAS BEGUN ON JUNE 30, 1939, UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF SEC. 15 OF THE ACT OF JUNE 29, 1906, 34 STAT. 596, TO CANCEL PETITIONER'S CERTIFICATE OF CITIZENSHIP GRANTED IN 1927.

A resolution by the Georgia legislature will cite this in one of its efforts to impeach US Supreme Court justices:

"Thereby, the said Justices Black, Reed & Douglas effectively repealed & nullified a constitutional law enacted by Congress for the protection of this country against its enemies & in doing so gave aid & comfort to the greatest enemy the United States has ever had..."

[Details / context]

1943 -- US: Federal troops put down race riot in Detroit, 30 dead.


1943 -- US: Supreme Court rules on the Hirabayashi & Yasui cases, upholding the constitutionality of the curfew & exclusion orders against Japanese-Americans.
[Sources]


1948 -- Columbia Records begins the first mass production of the 33 1/3 RPM LP.


1948 -- First stored computer program run, on Manchester Mark I.


1948 -- Author Ian McEwan lives.


1955 -- Puerto Rico: Institute of Puerto Rican Culture is founded in the American colony.



1956 -- US: Playwright Arthur Miller, appearing before the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC), refuses to betray his left-wing associates. He appears again in 1957 & is convicted for contempt, which is overturned on appeal in 1958. John Steinbeck eloquently defended Miller in the June 1957 Esquire.
http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/westspringfieldhs/academic/english/1project/crucible/miller.htm

He shared [a] devotion to pacifism with his friend Albert Einstein. In 1958, he presented a petition, which was signed by 11,000 scientists, warning the public about the biological danger of radioactive fallout from nuclear weapons testing.

http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/conversations/Pauling/pauling1.html

1962 -- Ghana: International Disarmament Assembly opens, Accra.


1966 -- US: March ends at Mississippi capital in Jackson, with 15,000 people, with James Meredith, recovered from assassination attempt, there to speak.


1966 -- Hurt Me, I Like It?: The Rolling Stones, preparing for a tour in the US, sue 14 New York City hotels that won't let them on the premises. They claim the ban hurts the groups reputation.

http://www.diggers.org/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Limeliters
http://laurelrose.com/

1967 -- Solstice party in Golden Gate Park: an estimated 30-50,000 boogie.
http://www.sftoday.com/enn2/summerlove.htm




1967 -- US: "First day of summer": New Buffalo founded near Taos, New Mexico (9 miles south of Lama).

"If someone is up there killing livestock, that's a crime. Whether (cattle mutilations) are a secret government project or aliens, that's out of my realm," John Day, Assistant District Attorney for New Mexico's 8th Judicial District, on a recent case of cattle killings.

A Bleed reader who seems to be in the know about the First Day of Summer & New Buffalo writes us... [Letter Details]
http://www.summeroflove.org/law.html

1968 -- US: Approximately 100 Indians from Poor People's Campaign demonstrate outside Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) offices in Washington, D.C.



1970 -- US: A Dud, Dude?: Pete Townshend badly timed use of British slang term, "bomb" gets police & FBI action, Memphis Airport. Overheard saying "'Tommy" seems to be going down a bomb," meaning it was a hit, officials heard the term "bomb" & reacted.



1972 -- US: Ralph Destefano, an off-duty Pinkerton guard twice arrested for threatening the life of a president (Johnson in 1968, Nixon in 1972), carries two rifles into a Cherry Hill, New Jersey employment office & squeezes off 70 rounds, killing six & critically wounding six others. He then shot himself.


1972 -- US: Hurricane Agnes strikes Middle Atlantic coast, becoming the costliest natural disaster in American history. Final toll: over 5,000 square miles flooded, 330,000 people homeless, 1/2 million people with property damage, the loss of 122 lives, & $4.5 billion in immediate property loss.


1977 -- Italy: Red Army Faction terrorists shoot Professor Remo Cacciafest, dean of the Rome University Economic Department, in the legs during a lecture for teaching students to be part of an immoral society, Rome.

1977 -- US: Former Beloved & Respected comrade Leader White House chief of staff Bob Haldeman enters prison.


1978 -- The Aleuts of the Pribilof Islands win $11.2 million for mistreatment during the first seal monopoly from 1870 to 1946.


1979 -- Poet Angus MacLise dies, Katmandu, Nepal.




1982 -- New edition of Stephen Crane's The Red Badge of Courage is published, restoring cuts made by his editor in 1895.
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/libraries/indiv/rare/guides/Crane,S/navigator.html


1982 -- US: John Hinkley Jr., potential assassin of Beloved & Respected Comrade Acting US President Ronald Reagan, found not guilty by reason of insanity. The Great Babbler lives to talk talk talk, guilty by reason of inanity.


1983 -- Owen Dodson, African-American poet, novelist, & playwright, dies in New York. Wrote the novels Boy at the Window (1951) & Come Home Early, Child (1977), as well as more than 35 plays & opera librettos.
http://litcal.yasuda-u.ac.jp/


1989 -- US: Supreme Court rules it's @-ok to burn the US flag as a political expression.
http://recollectionbooks.com/siml/stan/FlagBurner.html


1991 -- US: Supreme Court rules states can outlaw nude dancing. Barely?


1994 -- US: UAW workers begin a strike at Caterpillar, Inc., plants in Peoria, Decatur, & Pontiac.
http://www.library.uiuc.edu/irx/chronology.htm


1997 -- US: 100,000 march in solidarity with striking newspaper labor workers in Detroit.


2000 -- Ecuador: Teacher's protest march in Quito. Teachers from many Ecuadorian cities are march against the Government of President Gustavo Noboa, who has not approved a salary increase.




2001 -- Songster John Lee Hooker dies.

Blues man. Hooker was one of America's greats. Among his best known works are Boom Boom & I'm in the Mood. John Lee was born the son of a minister & went on to shape the blues with his contemporaries Muddy Waters & Lightin' Hopkins.

Once asked if he thought he was cool, he replied, "Do I think I'm cool? I don't know."

Definitely below 98.6 at this point.

http://www.nps.gov/history/delta/blues/people/johnlee_hooker.htm
http://www.bigroadblues.com/features/hooker.shtml



2002 -- LXXV aniversario (1927 - 2002) de la fundación de la Federación Anarquista Ibérica (FAI) junio de este año e los días 21 y 22.



2005 -- Summer solstice, perhaps.
http://www.americanspiritnews.com/MJ96/SummerSolstice.html

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3000 --

Finds tongues in trees, books
in the running brooks,
Sermons in stones & good
in everything.

http://organizations.plattsburgh.edu/museum/rkent2.htm
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ARTkent.htm
http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/kent_rockwell.html

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