490 -- [BC] Phidippides runs first marathon, seeking aid from Sparta vs Persia.


1057 -- Coronation of Issac Comnenus as Emperor of Byzantium.

1752 -- England: Last day of Julian calendar in Britain, British colonies.

The adoption in England of the Gregorian Calendar removes 11 days, the 3rd to the 13th.

English workers riot, demanding back the time stolen from them by the authorities. Let us count the years.....


1766 -- James Forten, abolitionist, inventor, lives.



1830 -- England: Manning — a local justice known for his activism in tracking down smugglers & poachers — has his barn & corn stacks torched by Swing rioters, Orpington.
Source: 'Calendar Riots'

1839 -- US: Economic critic Henry George lives, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
http://www.multiline.com.au/~georgist/lin.htm



1852 -- Author Paul Bourget lives.

1866 --

Geneva, 1866  September 3-8 is celebrated 1er. Congrés of l'AIT (anti-authoritarian International Workingmen's Association). Lausanne, Switzerland, 1867 September 2 -7th (or 9th?) the second congrès de l'A.I.T. http://lycee.reclus.free.fr/repère2.htm See also [Congressos Obrers]

It is here that Marx & Engels determine it is better to kill the International than allow the growing anti-authoritarian influence to gain control.

... show more

The Italians refuse to participate in this 5° congress leading to a total rupture with the authoritarain current incarnated by Marx. Cafiero is present only as a critical observer, working for separation.

Under the thumb of Karl Marx, the Congress confirms the principal resolutions of the London Conference & takes to task the anarchists for their "divisive" activity. It expels their leaders Mikhail Bakunin & James Guillaume from the International on the 7th, & resolves to move the seat of the General Council to New York (effectively killing it, as it quickly declines).

Each of the two principal fractions will hold from now on its congresses separately.

[Sources]
Also, [Source: Congressos Obrers]
http://artic.ac-besancon.fr/histoire_geographie/HGFTP/Autres/Utopies/anitadat.doc
http://biosoc.univ-paris1.fr/spip.php?article185

In 1926 Roth went to the Soviet Union, recorded his Socialist views in Der stumme Propher, (1966). He died in Paris in a poorhouse (or possibly an army hospital).

KEY WRITERS OF VIENNA AFTER WW I: Karl Kraus (1874-1936), The Last Days of Mankind, 1922; Herman Broch (1886-1951), The Sleepwalkers (1932) & the prose-poem The Death of Virgil (1946); Robert Musil (1880-1942), The Man Without Qualities (1930-43); Joseph Roth Flight Without End (1927) & Radetsky March (1932).

http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/jroth.htm

http://french.chass.utoronto.ca/fcs195/soupault.html
http://library.nothingness.org/articles/all/all/dosearch/index.php3

This was a massive Italian-American weekly with a print run of 15,000 copies. Errico Malatesta temporarily edited a new series. His connection with the paper lasted only a few months, but the paper continued through 1908.

[Details / context]

Elizabethan poet-dramatist Christopher Marlowe was not killed in 1593, but banished; he continued writing under the pseudonym "William Shakespeare."

http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/goldman/socsig/shawintro.html

Romare Bearden links

The following, just a few of the many links, courtesy of "Wild Bill" Koehnline, who wasn't really trying, done in 1999, still active:

http://www.cwpost.liunet.edu/cwis/cwp/library/aavaahp.htm
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart1.html
http://asuartmuseum.asu.edu/collections/american/bearden1.htm
http://www.upenn.edu/ARG/archive/bearden/bearden.html
http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/bearden_romare.html

See 5 September
http://h-net.msu.edu/cgi-bin/logbrowse.pl?trx=vx&list=h-hoac&month=0303&week=d&msg=kc7J6U3nZZUiZif0QnAQgA&user=&pw=
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmer_Raids



1918 -- Author Allen Drury lives.


1919 -- US: Communist Party of America founded. (or 30 Aug?)



1921 -- US: Mine owners bomb striking West Virginia mine workers by plane.

The Battle of Blair Mountain: Coal company thugs dropped bombs on the miners from planes. It took the combined efforts of the US Army & coal company goons to quell the uprising.

"One of the things that the miners were fighting for was they didn't want to die anymore. They didn't want to get hurt anymore," he said. "It was as much a fight for freedom & economic & social justice as it was anything else."

http://www.wvculture.org/history/minewars.html

[Sources]



1923 -- Ireland: The Irish Free State holds its first elections after winning independence from Britain the year before. The newly autonomous nation comprises the majority of the island of Ireland, with the exception of six primarily Protestant counties in the north that join Great Britain as Northern Ireland.



1923 -- Spain: Rafael Torres Escartín, a member of the anarchist Los Solidarios, is arrested in Oviedo & tortured. He escapes but is recaptured.



1928 -- Horace Silver lives, Norwalk, Conn. Jazz pianist, bandleader & composer. Leads the Jazz Messengers with drummer Art Blakey before forming his own band in 1956. A pioneer of the hard bop style.

Blending old school r & b, church music, blues & Caribbean sounds in his compositions & piano playing, Horace was a leading hardbop pioneer. A founding member of Art Blakey 's Jazz Messengers, helping introduce such talent as Donald Byrd, Art Farmer , Woody Shaw & Blue Mitchell. Worked with greats like Coleman Hawkins, Lou Donaldson, Hank Mobley, Joe Henderson & Stan Getz.

1928 -- US: A picnic held for the individualist journal "Eresia" today is deemed a great success, & is followed up by a theatrical production, “La Donna del Populo,” a "powerful drama analyzing social psychology in four acts, with musical selections, Ladies 50 cents, men 75 cents." Could this have been an Italian version of one of Brand's plays? (Brand is a pseudonym for the anarchist Enrico Arrigoni.)
http://www.anarchist-studies.org/grantrecipients#wilson


1933 -- Italy: The fascist state of Italy & the communist USSR sign a 5-year friendship pact, precursor to the Hitler-Stalin Pact. / Lo stato fascista dell'Italia e lo stato comunista dell'URSS firmano per cinque anni un patto di amicizia, non aggressione e neutralità.
[Source: Crimini e Misfatti]


1935 -- US: A hurricane slams Florida Keys killing 423.


1936 -- US: Factoid...477 sit-down strikes, involving, according to Beloved & Respected Comrade Government Statistics, 500,000 American workers between September 1936 & May 1937.


1936 -- US: Macbeth Mine explodes killing 10 workers at the Hutchinson Coal Company mine in Logan County, West Virginia. Six months hence it explodes again, on March 11, killing 18 more.

First Witch: When shall we three meet again In thunder, lightning, or in rain? Second Witch: When the hurlyburly's done, When the battle's lost and won. http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Macbeth http://www.wvgenweb.org/logan/macbeth.htm http://www.wvculture.org/hiStory/notewv/coalminedisasters.html

1937 -- Pentti Saarikoski lives. Poet / translator, & a central figure in Finnish literature in the 1960s & 1970s, who emerged via poetry somewhat like a enfant terrible combination of Allen Ginsberg & Bob Dylan.

His translations include Homer, Aristotle, James Joyce, Henry Miller, Italo Calvino, Allen Ginsberg, J.D. Salinger, James Thurber.

In the 1960s he joined the Finnish Communist Party & was one of the more visible intellectuals in the media.

Books in English: Helsinki: Poems of Pentti Saarikoski, translated by Anselm Hollo (1967); Salt of Pleasure: 20th-century Finnish Poetry, translated by Aili Jarvenpa (1983); Pentti Saarikoski: Poems 1958-1980, edited & translated by Anselm Hollo (1983)

http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/psaariko.htm

1943 -- After nearly a year & a half of training, the 100th Infantry Battalion, an all-Nisei unit from Hawaii, finally lands in Oran, North Africa. Joined by the 442nd in June 1944. Together, they went on to compile a sterling war record, suffering high casualty & low desertion rates, & winning numerous unit & individual citations.

This Fall, based on responses to the loyalty questions, the "loyal" & "disloyal" were segregated. The "disloyal" from the various camps were sent to Tule Lake, which became a "segregation center," while the "loyal" from Tule Lake were sent to other camps.

http://www.janet.org/janet_history/niiya_chron.html

1945 -- Ho Chi Minh declares Vietnam independence from France (National Day). Ho Chi Minh reads Vietnam's Declaration of Independence, modelled on that of the American Declaration, & establishes the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Hanoi.

I notice that you have Vietnam declaring independence from France, which I don't think is quite the case...
http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/hochiminh.html

Footnote... http://www.iisg.nl/today/en/02-09.php

1945 -- V-J Day; formal surrender of Japan aboard USS Missouri (WWII ends). Result of the nationalist, imperialist, racist madness: 55 million dead men, 35 million wounded, 3 million dispersed.


1946 -- "The Iceman Cometh" by Eugene O'Neill, opens at the Martin Beck Theater in NY, the last of his plays to be seen on Broadway in his lifetime.

http://www.lucidcafe.com/library/95oct/egoneill.html
http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/oneill.htm


1949 -- China: A fire, allegedly set by Communists, begins. Burns down most of Chunking, destroying 10,000 buildings & killing 1700 people.


1951 -- Sri Lanka Freedom Party founded.


1951 -- Angus Macinnis (1884-1964) lives. Founding member of the CCF in Canada.


1956 -- US: Detachment of combat-equipped National Guardsmen dispatched to Clinton, Tennessee after a series of violent demonstrations make it impossible for officials to carry out the token desegregation of Alabama schools below the college level.


1956 -- Italy: Alba Congress convenes in Alba, today through the 8th, convoked by Asger Jorn & Giuseppe Gallizio in the name of the International Movement for an Imaginist Bauhaus, a grouping whose views are in agreement with the Lettrist International’s program regarding urbanism & its possible uses.

Representatives of avant-garde groups from eight countries (Algeria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Holland, Italy) meet to determine the bases for a united organization.

See the Situationist International Anthology, edited by Ken Knabb.
http://www.bopsecrets.org/SI/alba.htm

1956 -- Italy:

September 2 to 8 First World Congress of Free Artists at Alba.

Editing of Guy Debord's film On the Passage of a Few Persons through a Rather Brief Period of Time.

Participants: Enrico Baj (Nuclear Art Movement, Milan; excluded in the course of the conference on the Lettrist delegate's demand), Jacques Calonne, Constant (ex-Cobra; Christian Dotremont does not attend, ostensibly because of illness), Giuseppe Pinot Gallizio, Asger Jorn, Piero Simondo, Ettore Sottsass Jr, Elena Verrone (International Movement for an Imaginist Bauhaus), Gil J. Wolman (Lettrist International/Potlatch), Sandro Cherchi, Franco Garelli (Turin), Jan Kotik, Pravoslav Rada (Czechoslovakia), Charles Estienne, Klaus Fischer, several others.

Two exhibitions are held simultaneously: Futurist Ceramics 1925-33, organized by Jorn & Gallizio, at Alba town hall; & an exhibition by the experimental laboratory at Corino cinema, involving Constant, Gallizio, Garelli, Jorn, Kotik, Rada, Simondo & Wolman.
Wolman's 'Address' is accepted by the congress as its final resolution.
Jorn is appointed committee director of Potlatch, while Wolman is added to the editorial board of Eristica.

http://www.bopsecrets.org/SI/debord.films/passage.htm

[Details / context]

The airlines fire most women flight attendants by age 35, when they are no longer considered attractive enough to fly.

In the mid-1960s, activists among flight attendants are few in number — & they challenge just one aspect of sex discrimination — but their work blazes a trail amid widespread hostility to women's rights.

1969 -- US: Blacks riot in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, & Hartford, Connecticut.


1971 -- The Grateful Dead's second live LP is given the unimaginative title "Grateful Dead," but it's not as if they couldn't think of anything better: "Rolling Stone" reports Jerry Garcia Ice Cream originally wanted the title "Starfuck." It's the Dead's first Top 25 album.
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mleone/dead.html
http://www.benjerry.com/flavors/our-flavors/#product_id=8

1971 -- US: Baseball's Cesar Cedeno hits an inside-the-park grand slammer.



1973 -- British medievalist, fantasist, J R R Tolkien dies.

For an anarchist take on Tolkien, see Michael Moorcock's "Starship Stormtroopers,"
http://recollectionbooks.com/siml/library/Moorcock.htm
http://www.tolkiensociety.org/

Visual poet, artist, archivist, web-weaver, media analyst, internet consultant, multimedia producer, editor, publisher, concrete poetry, stamp art, mail art, postal art, graphics, communications, culture, Nederlands Filmmakers Kooperatie, Mark/Space magazine, Festival of Future Possibilities, Alpha-Omega Show, Anachron Studios, Black Star Liner, Gondwana Music, Anachron Foundation, Panoptima, Upsetter magazine, psychedelics, cyberpunk.

http://www.euro.net/mark-space/bioHenryWTargowski.html

Futball (the real one, or soccer if you like), Jazz, anarchist organizing, & an anarchist contingent in the Labor Day march.

Miserable teams from around the US attempt to match their pathetic skills against the heavily-favored Detroit Riot. In their honor, Detroit hosts the largest free Jazz concert in North America, & true dissonance is provided in preliminary discussions about forming a Midwest anarchist federation. Culminates on September 4 with black flags unfurled in Motor City's Labor Day march.

3000 --

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"If I rule out violent anarchism, there remains pacifist, antinationalist, anticapitalist, moral, & antidemocratic anarchism (i.e., that which is hostile to the falsified democracy of bourgeois states). There remains the anarchism which acts by means of persuasion, by the creation of small groups & networks, denouncing falsehood & oppression, aiming at a true overturning of authorities of all kinds as people at the bottom speak & organize themselves. All this is very close to Bakunin."

— Jacques Ellul, Anarchie et Christianisme

---

4500 --

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