[Source: Robert Braunwart] [Hereafter noted with symbol: ]

1839 -- France: Paule Mink (or Minck; nee Paulina Mekaraska) lives (1839-1901); friend of Louise Michel & Marie Ferré.

Daughter of Polish nobles, Communard, socialist, prominent feminist & the mother of the anarchist Henri Jullien. http://maurice-frankel.org/LaCommune/chap45.htm http://artic.ac-besancon.fr/histoire_geographie/HGFTP/Autres/Utopies/u3c-ferm.doc Source: [ L'Ephéméride Anarchiste ]

1853 -- Origin of Carrington rotation numbers for rotation of the Sun.

"Vive Louise Michel,
vive la Commune,
A bas les assassins!"

Louise Michel & the Paris commune:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Commune
http://struggle.ws/ws98/ws55_louise.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Michel
http://www.infed.org/walking/wa-mich.htm



1886 -- Guy de Maupassant story "La Trou" (The Fishing Hole) is published.


1899 -- Portugal: Acácio Tomás de Aquino lives (1899-1998), Lisbon. Militant anarcho-trade unionist & life-long anarchist. Wrote O Segredo das Prisões Atlânticas, (Lisboa: Regra do Jogo, 1982; The Secret of the Atlantic Prisons), a personal testimony (he was imprisoned 1933-1949 in the Tarrafal concentration camp) which is also very much a history of the Portuguese anarchist movement. Lifelong companion of Luísa Adão, a nurse & also a militant anarchist.
http://www.ephemanar.net/novembre09.html#aquino


1905 -- Russia: Renewed pogroms of Jews. In the US the Orleneff troupe arranges benefit performances on behalf of Jewish victims. Emma Goldman accompanies Orleneff troupe on tour to Boston.



1918 -- Germany: Berlin workers march on Reichstag during revolution. Philip Scheidermann declares a German Republic.
Its a busy day for Germany; Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicates after WW I defeat - republic is proclaimed; German barons establish a short-lived Duchy of the Baltic; Antiwar general strike in Berlin brings the administration to a halt; Battleship "Britannia" becomes last ship sunk by German WW I U-boats.
http://www.colby.edu/personal/r/rmscheck/GermanyD2.html


1921 -- England: Metropolitan Police Commissioner, Sir William Harwood, poisoned by arsenic-filled chocolates. Didna read today's Bleed, or he would no it's "No Cookies" Day.
[Source: Calendar Riots]


1923 -- American poet James Schyler lives.


1925 -- Argentina: Perez Millan (rightwing nationalist who killed the anarchist Kurt Gustav Wilckens in his prison cell), is killed in an asylum in Buenos Aires. Boris Vladimirovitch, a doctor & biologist doing time for an "expropriation," feigned madness so as to be transferred to Millan's asylum. Vladimirovitch was unable to get close enough (Millan was "protected"), so another internee killed him. See Daily Bleed, http://www.recollectionbooks.com/bleed/0125.htm


1925 -- Oscar Micheaux's movie "Body & Soul" is released, marking the film debut of Paul Robeson. (see 16 September 1933).




1928 -- Poet Anne Sexton lives, Newton, Massachusetts.
http://www.inch.com/~ari/as1.html
http://www.levity.com:80/corduroy/sexton.htm





1928 -- France: Paul Gourmelon dies. "Maison du Peuple" de Brest qu'il découvre l'anarchie et rencontre les compagnons Jules Le Gall, René Martin, Jean Tréguer, René Lochu, etc. See René Lochu's Libertaires mes compagnons de Brest et d'ailleurs. (1983; foreword by Léo Ferré).
http://www.ephemanar.net/novembre09.html



1928 -- Uruguay: At 4 am, in Montevideo, 300 stalwarts from the police force & the army encircle the house at 41-J.J. Rousseau street, trapping anarchist illegalists inside. Those sent to prison later escape, thanks to a tunnel built by anarchist comrades.

[Details / context]

Workers at both the Racine plant & Milwaukee's Seaman Body are members of new federal labor unions, & they're ready to support the Kenosha workers. When the Kenosha lockout ends, both Nash plants ask for a 20% raise & strict seniority rules. In three months — February 21st, 1934 — Racine plant workers will strike, idling 1,200 workers. Seaman Body & the Kenosha local follow, taking out 1,800 in Milwaukee & 1,600 in Kenosha.

After eight weeks of federal mediation, all workers receive raises of up to 17 percent, & unions at each plant win sole bargaining rights.

[Books & Newspapers to the Front]. Oficina de recogida. Delegación de propaganda y prensa, Medinaceli 2. Signed: Espert. Junta Delegada de Defensa de Madrid, Delegación de Propaganda y Prensa. Gráficas Reunidas, U.H.P, Madrid. Lithograph, 4 colors; 105 x 76 cm.
http://orpheus-1.ucsd.edu/speccoll/posters/29.html
El oso de Madrid, see http://orpheus.ucsd.edu/speccoll/visfront/oso.html

Ideological right-wing "libertarian" critique on the anarchists in Spain, see Brian Caplan's The Anarcho-Statists of Spain:

http://economics.gmu.edu/bcaplan/spain.htm
& a response: http://www.spunk.org/texts/places/spain/sp001532.html

Posters from the Spanish Revolution of 1936,
http://orpheus.ucsd.edu/speccoll/visfront/vizindex.html

& also at,
http://picturebook.nothingness.org/pbook/1936/display/35

An important critical
anarchist perspective is
Lessons of the Spanish Revolution
by Vernon Richards

See also Murray Bookchin's
To Remember Spain
http://www.spunk.org/library/writers/bookchin/sp001642/toc.html

See too the large collection of materials on the
Spanish Revolution at the Charlatan Stew page,
http://recollectionbooks.com/cs/

1937 -- Author Roger McGough lives.


1937 -- Canada: Quebec police take first action under Duplessis' anti-Communist Padlock Law, locking the doors of Montreal Communist newspaper "Clart."


1937 -- Samoa: Anthropologist Margaret Mead arrives to begin her book.


1938 -- Germany: Kristallnacht, "Crystal Night," a night of Nazi terror against Jews, marking the beginning of the Holocaust with the killing of 91 Jews & the deportation of 30,000 to concentration camps. This episode, coming on the heels of the Munich crisis, causes outrage in the Western democracies & also diverts attention from the revolution & civil war in Spain.

"Wherever men or women are persecuted because of their race, religion or political views, that place must, at that moment, become the center of the universe."

— Elie Weisel, Nobel Prize laureate, survivor, author

http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/timeline/knacht-bio.htm
http://www.wiesenthal.com/
http://history1900s.about.com/cs/thirdreich/a/beerhallputsch.htm



1939 -- Got Yours Yet?: Nobel for physics awarded to Ernest O. Lawrence (cyclotron).


1939 -- US: Beloved & Respected Comrade Leader J. Edgar Hoover orders creation of an FBI list of possible political detainees — it ultimately includes Communists, labor leaders, journalists, poets, writers critical of the FBI & some members of Congress.



1939 -- US: Novelist Thomas Mann speaks in NYC; the address is later published as "This Peace."

1943 --

1943 US: Today, after Igal Roodenko's strike had reached the 12th day, he was arrested for refusal to work & held in the Denver County jail on $3,500 bail. He was tried & found guilty in Denver. It was thereafter decided to make of Roodenko & two others a Supreme Court"test case" in which the constitutionality of the Selective Service Act was argued, but the Court turned the case down. On June 6, 1944 a Denver judge found Roodenko guilty & sentenced him to three years in a federal penitentiary.

On September 29, 1943, six war objectors imprisoned at Lewisburg, PA, started a hunger strike against censorship of mail & reading material by prison authorities. In October, Roodenko began his own hunger & work strike in support, stating: "My concern was [with] . . . censorship which occasionally reached preposterous depths of pettiness & stupidity, censorship of mail & reading matter which frequently denied men the opportunity of reading & writing about those very matters which made them sacrifice comforts & respect for the ignominy & disrepute of a prison record. & it should be noted that the opinions of such men were not treasonous, but those objections to warfare recognized by Congress in the Selective Service Act."

http://www.swarthmore.edu/library/peace/DG151-175/dg161irood.htm


1949 -- US: Mobs of up to 2,000 attack negroes & Jews in Chicago.


1950 -- Luis Bunuel movie "Los olvidados" premiers, Mexico.

1953 -- Welsh poet Dylan Thomas dies, age 39, following a six-day coma brought on by drinking 18 straight whiskeys in a New York tavern. At the funeral parlor, a friend looking down at the body with its rouged face & garish suit, carnation in buttonhole, says: "He would never have been seen dead in it."

"I hold a beast, an angel, & a madman in me, & my enquiry is as to their working, & my problem is their subjugation & victory, downthrow & upheaval, & my effort is their self-expression."

Bleedmeister,

One hates to find fault with history as reported but the late Dylan Thomas consumed twenty eight shots, singles at the White Horse Tavern, the staff was adament as to the number & if memory has not failed the drink was Old Bushmills.

A feat attempted by myself, unfortunatley I was plucked from the gutter by my future exwife. I think I was transported to gutter by the kindly staff. I was giving drunks a bad name.

— Cordley Coit, 9 Nov 2003

At 5:16 p.m., a 230-kilovolt-transmission line near Ontario, Canada, trips, causing several other heavily loaded lines to also fail, precipitating a redirection in the normal flow of electric power from its usual northerly direction, toward Toronto, to a southerly direction, toward Canada's interconnections with the US. The resulting surge of power from Canada overwhelms the transmission lines in western New York, causing a "cascading" tripping of additional lines & resulting in the eventual breakup of the entire Northeastern transmission network.

http://members.optushome.com.au/bronwynkelly/tinc/politics.html

1968 A US Army captain tells "Rolling Stone" magazine, "Rock & Roll music contributes to both the usage of drugs & the high VD rate among listed men in the army today."

Bay Area's Indians Of All Tribes organisation invades Alcatraz. To draw attention to the government's systemic disregard for all previous Amerindian treaties, they demand recognition of the 1868 Sioux treaty which allowed Amerindians to reclaim land that had been taken for government use & later abandoned.

The occupiers comprise members of the Tlingit, Iroquois, Blackfeet, Chippewa & Navajo nations.

"Reader, suppose you were an idiot. & suppose you were a member of Congress. But I repeat myself. "

— Mark Twain: Manuscript note, c.1882.

"I can't tell until somebody tells me," he says,

"I never know where I'm going."

Better yet, observes a BBC correspondent,

"...We have no need for imaginary mountain ranges between separate nations."

What makes Cage's art special, & to my senses politically original, is that his radical politics were expressed in decisions not of content but of form. For instance, one quality of nearly all works of his for large ensembles is that they do not need a conductor. By extension, the work implies that outside of music, as well as in, it is possible to create social mechanisms that likewise can function without conductors, without chiefs. In other words, in the form of his art, in the form of performance, is a representation of an ideal polity.

Richard Kostelanetz
The Anarchist Art of John Cage

http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/bright/cage/works.html

The East German government opens its borders to West Germany, allowing thousands to pass freely. The Berlin Wall, "the anti-fascist protection wall," was erected in 1961 to stem the flood of East German refugees escaping to West Germany via the Western occupation zone in Berlin. Berliners from both sides of the infamous Cold War division greet the opening of the Berlin Wall with jubilation, & thousands celebrate by climbing on top of the wall, painting graffiti on its face, & removing fragments as souvenirs. The next day, East German troops begin dismantling the wall, & less than a year later, Germany is formally reunited.

---

Imagination knows no limits
Freedom knows no walls

1989 -- Germany:

With the so-called "Fall of the Wall" rent prices in West Berlin skyrocket as more people become homeless, while in East Berlin thousands of living spaces are empty, with no clear idea of who "owns" them.

Over the next year & into the 1990s huge battles take place as the German government attempts to dislodge homeless squatters.

http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/10ref.htm#03/1990
http://www.notbored.org/squatworld.html
http://www.nadir.org/nadir/periodika/jungle_world/32/12c.htm

1992 -- Italy: Anti-racist protests held in 30 cities.


1992 -- Thailand: Thai military officers are granted amnesty for massacre of civilians.


1992 -- Germany: 180,000 demonstrate against racism on the anniversary of Kristallnacht.


1993 -- Bosnia-Herzegovina: The Old Bridge, symbol of unity since 1567, destroyed by shellfire, Mostar.

2000 -- US: Ballots reviewed in Florida after Bore loses to Gush by margin of 666 votes. Meanwhile, Cuba offers to send poll watchers to Florida, apparently to observe first hand how rigged elections work.



2000 -- US: Malaysia: Opposition leaders in are imprisoned for leading protests.


2000 -- UN General Assembly censures the US for its Cuba embargo, 167-3.


2001 -- US: Berkeley Critical Mass bike ride.


2001 -- US: Masterbatus Interuptus? Star Wars test rocket has to be destroyed seconds after launch when controllers lose contact with it, Kodiak, Alaska. The bears are not amused.

"We have a better-than-zero chance of successfully intercepting, I believe, an inbound warhead."

—Lt. Gen. Henry A. Obering III, director of the United States Missile Defense, July 2005

http://improbable.com/2005/07/26/better-than-zero-essay-competition/

2002 -- Italy: 500,000 people protest war on Iraq in Firenze.


2346 -- Outer Space: The Khitomer Massacre — the Romulans slaughter over 4,000 Klingons on an agricultural colony; Worf & Kahlest are the only two survivors.



3500 --

The hand that signed the paper felled a city; Five sovereign fingers taxed the breath, Doubled the globe of dead & halved a country; These five kings did a king to death. The mighty hand leads to a sloping shoulder, The finger joints are cramped with chalk; A goose's quill has put an end to murder That put an end to talk. The hand that signed the treaty bred a fever, & famine grew, & locusts came; Great is the hand the holds dominion over Man by a scribbled name. The five kings count the dead but do not soften The crusted wound nor pat the brow; A hand rules pity as a hand rules heaven; Hands have no tears to flow. — Dylan Thomas

---

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